![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() This report re-emphasises the need for therapeutic drug monitoring whenever these two drugs are used together. Acetaminophen, when given orally for several days, increased the clearance of chloramphenicol, perhaps by increased glucuronidation. Significant differences were observed in mean (SD) peak serum chloramphenicol concentration (-9.7 (3.2) mg/l), mean (SD) apparent volume of distribution (+225 (162) ml/kg), mean (SD) chloramphenicol half life (-1.9 (1.1) hours), mean (SD) chloramphenicol clearance (+236 (94) ml/kg/h), mean (SD) area under the curve (-83.5 (33.0) mg/l/h), and mean (SD) elimination constant (+0.34 (0.13) h-1) between samples obtained before and during treatment with acetaminophen. To confirm one of these findings we studied the clearance of chloramphenicol and its metabolites using high pressure liquid chromatography in five patients (ages 2.5 to 5 years) before and during oral treatment with acetaminophen (50 mg/kg/day). Acetaminophen has been reported either to prolong or not to affect the clearance of chloramphenicol. Metabolic oxidation of acetaminophen (Paracetamol) mediated by cytochrome P-450. ![]()
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